Paracetamol. HOW PARACETAMOL KILLS, EVEN AT NORMALLY PRESCRIBED DOSAGE..

Dr Ignatius O. Onah.

 Intro:The basic chemical name for PARACETAMOL is ACETAMINOPHEN. Its most popular trade name in my country, Nigeria is PANADOL, while in the USA, it is mainly marketed as TYLENOL.

Today, Sikamoretree, in keeping with its "mandate", will give a verbatim report on the ravages "ordinary" paracetamol is causing to Americans -- children, adults, elders -- even when taken at "normal" doses. You will see only "Acetaminophen" and "Tylenol" mentioned in these excerpts.

Now, let's move it:

Source Number One.

From a document, titled: "FDA Finally Changes Prescription Recommendations for High-Dose Acetaminophen", published on March 26, 2014 .

Note that FDA is the NAFDAC of USA.

* "...One of the country's most popular over-the-counter painkillers — acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol — also KILLS THE MOST PEOPLE , according to data from the federal government. Over 150 Americans die each year on average after accidentally taking too much. And it requires a lot less to endanger you than you may know...

* "Acetaminophen overdose is the LEADING CAUSE for calls to Poison Control Centers across the US—more than 100,000 instances per year. Each year, acetaminophen overdose is responsible for more than 56,000 emergency room visits, 2,600 hospitalizations, and an estimated 458 deaths due to acute liver failure. Acetaminophen poisoning is responsible for nearly HALF of ALL acute liver failure cases in the US. It can be toxic to your liver even at recommended doses when taken daily for just a couple ofWhile rare, it’s also worth noting that acetaminophen has been linked to very serious skin reactions. The FDA has issued a statement urging health professionals to discontinue prescribing and dispensing prescription combination drug products containing more than 325 mg of acetaminophen per dose..."[minimum per tablet is 500mg in Nigeria!!]

* ...Acetaminophen, sold under the brand name Tylenol, among others, may be AMONG THE MOST DANGEROUS medicines on the market. I'm sure this comes as a surprise to most of you, as virtually every single household keeps a bottle on hand for the occasional ache and pain, and doesn't think twice about taking it.

Not thinking, it turns out, could cost you dearly... Acetaminophen overdose is actually the leading cause for calls to Poison Control Centers across the US—more than 100,000 instances per year—and, each year, is responsible for:

More than 56,000 emergency room visits 2,600 hospitalizations. An estimated 458 deaths due to acute liver failure...,"

* "...In fact, according to data from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group registry, acetaminophen poisoning is responsible for nearly HALF of ALL ACUTE LIVER FAILURE cases in the US. U As stated in a paper published in the journal Hepatology3 an entire decade ago: [Acetaminophen] is heavily marketed for its safety compared to nonsteroidal analgesics.

By enabling self-diagnosis and treatment of minor aches and pains, its benefits are said by the Food and Drug Administration to outweigh its risks. It still must be asked: Is this amount of injury and death really acceptable for an over-the-counter pain reliever?"

At Recommended Dose? !!

* "...As it turns out, acetaminophen can be toxic to your liver EVEN AT RECOMMENDED DOSES when taken daily for just a couple of weeks.

Previous research has also shown that taking JUST A LITTLE MORE THAN the recommended dose over the course of several days or weeks (referred to as "staggered overdosing") is far more risky than taking one large overdose. Your risk of severe liver injury and/or death increases if you:

= Take more than one regular strength (325 mg) acetaminophen when combined with a narcotic analgesic like codeine or hydro condone.

= Take more than the prescribed dose of an acetaminophen-containing product in a 24-hour period.

= Take more than one acetaminophen-containing product at the same time.

Fatal combination!!

. * "... Combining alcohol with acetaminophen was found to RAISE THE RISK OF KIDNEY DAMAGE by 123 PERCENT, compared to taking either of them individually. Besides alcoholics, young adults are particularly at risk as they're more likely to consume both...

* "...Warnings on liver damage were added to the drug's label in 2009 by the FDA, 32 years after an expert panel convened by the agency advised it was 'obligatory' to do so. The recommendation was a part of a broader safety review of acetaminophen, which the report says has not yet been completed." [Emphasis mine]

An FDA advisory panel actually recommended adding a warning label about liver damage to acetaminophen as early as 1977, yet the FDA kept dragging its feet....

How much is " too much"?

. * ". ...FDA Admits: Too Much Acetaminophen Can Cause Liver Damage

On January 14, this year, the FDA finally issued a statement12, urging doctors and other health professionals to DISCONTINUE PRESCRIBING and dispensing prescription combination drug products that contain MORE THAN more than 325 milligrams (mg) of acetaminophen per tablet, capsule, or other dosage unit. According to the FDA, there's no evidence suggesting that taking MORE THAN 325 mg of acetaminophen PROVIDES ANY BENEFIT that might outweigh the increased risk of severe liver damage.[Minimum daily dosage in Nigeria's is 6 Tablets of 500mg each!!]

...In the near future FDA intends to institute proceedings to withdraw approval of prescription combination drug products containing more than 325 mg of acetaminophen per dosage unit that remain on the market," the FDA noted...."

Fatal Skin Reactions!

* "....Also Beware of Fatal Skin Reactions.

The skin reactions linked to acetaminophen include:

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS):

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TENS):

¿Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP):

What is particularly alarming is that it can occur at any time, even if you've taken the medication in the past without issue. According to the FDA, there's no way to predict who might be at increased risk for such side effects.."

Liver Damage!

* "...It is believed that the liver damage acetaminophen causes is largely due to the fact that it can deplete glutathione, an antioxidant compound secreted by your liver in response to toxic exposure. Glutathione also helps protect your cells from free radical damage. If you keep your glutathione levels up, the damage from the acetaminophen may be largely preventable. ....."

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Source Number Two.: ,"Unexpected Dangers of Over-the-Counter Medicine" December 16, 2015

"...Acetaminophen Can Be Deadly...

... acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol and the most commonly used OTC medication, can be deadly if you're not careful.

Acetaminophen overdose is the leading cause for calls to Poison Control Centers across the U.S. — more than 100,000 instances per year — and acetaminophen poisoning is responsible for nearly half of all acute liver failure cases in the U.S.2

Acetaminophen overdoses are also responsible for more than 150 deaths each year in the U.S.3 A major problem is that while acetaminophen is considered safe when taken as recommended, the margin between a safe dose and a potentially lethal one is very small.

Taking just 25 percent more than the daily recommended dose — the equivalent of just two extra strength pills per day — can cause liver damage after just a couple of weeks of daily use.4

* Previous research has also shown that taking just a little more than the recommended dose over the course of several days or weeks (referred to as "staggered overdosing") can be more risky than taking one large overdose.5 This happens more often than you might think.

* It's Surprisingly Easy to Overdose on Acetaminophen

Research published in The Journal of General Internal Medicine showed that nearly 25 percent of people surveyed were at risk of overdosing by using just one OTC acetaminophen product during a 24-hour period..."

* Combining alcohol with acetaminophen was found to raise the risk of kidney damage by 123 percent, compared to taking either of them individually. Besides alcoholics, young adults are particularly at risk as they're more likely to consume both... "

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Source Number Three: "Common Painkiller Clouds Judgment", April 27, 2016 .

...Acetaminophen (Tylenol) may inhibit the brain response associated with making errors. Acetaminophen may reduce the distress associated with errors so you’re less likely to pay attention to them. The researchers are planning to look further into whether acetaminophen may increase distraction or mind wandering, thereby leading to increased errors

Physical pain and the distress that comes with social rejection have been traced to the same area of the brain. This intriguing connection may shed some light on how acetaminophen (brand name Tylenol) may also affect the brain.

Accumulating research suggests that, along with inhibiting physical pain, acetaminophen may also act on emotions and have other neurological effects.

One of the latest studies, conducted by researchers from the University of Toronto and the University of British Columbia, suggests the popular painkiller may even inhibit the brain response associated with making errors.

Acetaminophen May Make It Harder to Recognize Errors......"

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Source Number Four., "Not-so-rare vaccine reactions, Tylenol and antibiotics"July 24, 2017.

"...Pediatricians recommend Tylenol and many other over-the-counter drugs containing the active ingredient acetaminophen to "manage" fever and/or pain after vaccination. Tylenol can make matters worse as it prevents the body from detoxing and interferes with glutathione levels which allow for proper detox in the body. This inability to detox can lead to chronic health conditions including autism, as seen in this study from The Journal of International Medical Research.

* How much more at risk are children that take acetaminophen? Well, a 2008 study led by Stephen Schultz, PhD, a dentist who holds a PhD in public health epidemiology at the University of California at San Diego reveals that children taking acetaminophen after being vaccinated for measles, rubella and mumps (the MMR vaccine) cause a child's risk of developing autism to be eight times higher than those given ibuprofen.

* Children are also routinely given antibiotics to manage frequent infections, colds, earaches and flus. Antibiotics typically don't solve the underlying problem and eliminate all bacteria (including friendly bacteria that is necessary for the body to fight infection). They also compromise the immune system's ability to protect from future infections and illness.

* These three treatments - vaccines, Tylenol, or Ibuprofen and antibiotics recommended and prescribed by pediatricians, are a "perfect storm" that can cause lasting damage to your child's health. ..."

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Source Number Five: "Vaccines Followed by Tylenol Increase Risk of Autism" BY PAUL FASSA.

. "...Acetaminophen Boosts Vaccine Injury Risks

But does a Baby Tylenol need to be defective to be dangerous? Anything containing acetaminophen can be dangerous by itself. It attacks the liver. Too much acetaminophen can kill an adult by causing total liver failure. OTC drugs containing acetaminophen cause more ER than any other pharmaceutical.

* How does 80,000 ER visits, 26,000 hospitalizations, and around 500 deaths annually sit with you?

* Amazingly, the “standard of care” for vaccination adverse reactions involves using Tylenol to “reduce the fever and pain”. Great, just when the baby’s immune system is under attack from toxic vaccine materials or the trauma of an operation and toxic drugs used as anesthesia, add a known liver toxin to reduce symptoms.

* Then the liver can’t be of enough use for ridding all those toxins and the lights may go out. Acetaminophen hampers the liver’s glutathione production. Glutathione is the master antioxidant produced in the liver. It even refreshes other spent antioxidants and recycles them. If that production is hampered sufficiently, the whole immune system goes south.

" The FDA issued a warning cautioning doctors to not prescribe any drugs with more than 325 mg of acetaminophen. But that warning is for prescription drugs, and it’s for doctors who may or may not read it. Tylenol is not a prescription drug even though you may be told to use it post vaccination or to “reduce fevers”.